Apparatus for treating fibrous material



May 2, 1933. EVGWNDER 1,906,850

APPARATUS FOR TREATING FIBROUS MATERIAL File'd Sept. 25, 1931 lNV-ENTO R Ema? amino/(er ATTORNEYS Patented May 2, 1933 UNITED STATES EMIL GMINDER, F REUTLINGEN, GERMANY APPARATUS FOR'TREATIN'G FIIBR-OUS MATERIAL Application filed September 25, 1931, Serial No. 565.079, andin Germany October 3, 1930.

In my Patent 1,658,842 there is'shown a defiberizing mechanism which includes a pair of drums rotatable in the same direction and having fiber engaging pins or members around the peripheries thereof which strike or beat the material and sep arate the fibers from the stalks or other impurities. These drums are partially surrounded by grates through which the particles of liberated impurities may pass outside the field of operation of said drums.

One object of the present invention is to provide an improvement in scutching, beating and defiberizing mechanism of the general character referred to and in which the intensity of beating, scutching and defiberizing is increased with the addition of very few parts. 1

In the specific embodiment. of the present invention a supplemental defiberizing drum is mounted on the side of a pair of main defiberizing drums and near the adjoining region of said main drums. Two such supplemental drums are advantageously provided, one on each side of said main drums.

By means of this arrangement the degree of beating and scutching to which the fibrous material is subjected is substantially increased without materially increasing the space occupied by this mechanism. The increased; degree of beating and scutching operationsserves to render the subsequent treatment of .the' fibrous material more efiective'.

The mechanism in accordance with my invention may comprise one of a series of mechanisms to which the fibrous material is may be crushed or cut into sections andpass through preliminary scutchingqdevices before passing into the mechanism embodying my invention.

- In the drawing, Fig. 1' shows diagramsubjected. For instance, the stalks or blades matically a transverse section at right angles to the axis of the several rotating parts.

Fig. 2 shows two pairs of rollers in which there may be effected preparatory drawing of entangled cotton fiber such as cotton which has been compressed into bales.

Fig. 3 shows a softener in which flax stalks may be broken before treatment in the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 4 shows a cutter device by means of which the material, for instance flax may be cut into shorter sections before treatment in the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

In the construction illustrated there .is employed a pair of feed rollers 10 and 11 which deliver the fibrous material A to be treated into the defiberizing mechanism embodying my invention. This mechanism comprises a pair of main defiberizing drums 12 and '13 which are provided with pins or projections 14 on the peripheries thereof constituting the working tools for striking or beating the fibrous material and separating the fibers from the stalks and other materials.

The two drums 12 and 13 rotate in a counterclockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow, and are so positioned with respect to each other that the pins of one pass closely adjacent to the pins of the other. Disposed near said main drums 12 and 13 and near the adjoining regions thereof is a pair of supplemental defiberizing drums 15 and 16 which carry on the peripheries thereof pins or projections 17 which pass closely adjacent to the pins 14 of these main drums. These drums 15 and 16 are advantageously materially smaller than either one of said main drums-.12 and 13. The plane of the axesof the two drums 15 and 16 is at right angles to the plane of the axes of the drums 12 and 13 and the two drums of each pair are on opposite sides of the plane of the axes of the other two drums. Only one'of said supplemental drums may be provided, if desired, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

At the lower side of the drum 13 there is provided 'a grating 18 which partially encircles the said drum. The supplemental drums and 16 are similarly provided- 1 with gratings 20 one of which extends partially around the right hand side of the drum 12. 1 f

The two supplemental drums 15. and 16 are rotated in a counterclockwise direction so that the fibrous material A, as it passes through the feed rollers 10 and 11, is engaged by the pins of the drum 12, passed downwardly into the field of operation of the drum 15, and carried thereby into the field of operation of the drum 13, which in turn delivers the fibrous material upwardly into engagement with the supplemental drum 16, which in turn delivers it'into en gagement with the pins of the drum 12, and is then carried out through a conduit 21 where the stalks leave the path of the pins and the fibers may be thrown off outside the field of operation of the machine.

With all of the drums rotating in the same direction the material is prevented from passing between the two drums 12 and 13 and is kept upon the periphery. of the set of drums and adjacent to the grates.

As the heavy stalk parts are thrown out by the pins of the defiberizing drums, the eliminated particles pass through various grating walls and outside the field of operation of the machme.

Although the two supplemental drums 15 and 16 are shown rotated in the same direction as the main drums 12 and 13, these drums 15 and 16 may be rotated in the opposite direction, if desired, in accordance with the intensity of beating or scutching desired. Furthermore, these supplemental drums may be rotated at a greater or lesser peripheral speed than the main drums in accordance with the desired degree of defiberization desired. 1

The material before being passed through the mechanismshown in Fig. 1 may be subjected to preliminary treatment to better adapt it for the eflicient operation of the defiberizing mechanism. In Fig. 2 there are shown two pairs of rollers 22 and 23 which may run at different speeds and used for the preliminary drawing of entangled cotton fiber. Where flax stalks are to be defiberized they may be passed through a softener, such as shown in Fig. 3, in which the flax stalks are broken by a plurality of pairs of grooved rollers 24. In some cases it may be desired to subdivide the material into shorter sections before defiberizing. This is particularly advantageous in connection with fl x. Such flax stalks may be subdivided into sections by a cutting mechanism such as shown in Fig. 4 in which there is illustrated a pair of feed rollers 25 and a cutter 26. i

Having thus described my invention,

Letters Patent is:

1. An apparatus for disintegrating and cleaning fibrous material, including a pair of drums disposed adjacent to each other, said drums having pins on the peripheries thereof for breaking and defiberizing the fibrous material, a pair of supplemental drums disposed adjacent to the adjoining regions of said first mentioned pair of drums and one on each side of the common center line of said first mentioned pair, said supplemental drums having fiber pins on the peripheries thereof for defiberizing the fibrous material being treated and all of said drums being rotatable in the same direction.

2. An apparatus for disintegrating and cleaning fibrous material, including a pair of drums disposed closely adjacent to each other and having pins on the periphery thereof for breaking and defiberizing the material, and a supplemental drum having its axis disposed adjacent to the adjoining regions of said pairof drums and with its axis in a plane at right angles to the plane defined by the axes of said pair of drums and having fiber engaging pins on the periphery thereof passing closely adjacent to the pins of both drums of said pair, all of said drums being rotatable in the same direction whereby the material is prevented from passing between said pair of drums, and a grating disposed adjacent to the outer sides of the series of drums whereby the material is advanced along said grating by the pins of all of said drums.

3. An apparatus for disintegrating and cleaning fibrous material, including two pairs of drums, all of said drums being rotatable in the same direction and having pins on the peripheries thereof for breaking and defiberizing the material, the axes of two of said drums lying in a plane at right angles to the plane ofthe axes of the other two drums, and said drums being so juxtaposed that the pins of each drumpass closely adjacent to .at least two of the'other drums.

4. An apparatus for disintegrating and cleanin fibrous material, including two pairs 0 drums, all of said drums having pins on the peripheries thereof for breaking and defiberizing the material, the axes of two of said drums lying in a plane at right angles to'the plane of the axes of the other two drums, and said drums being so juxtaposed that the pins of each drum pass closely adacent to at least two of the other drums, and a casing enclosing all of said drums and dlsposed adjacent to the paths of movement of said pins, a substantial portion of said casing having apertures for the escape of material removed from thefibers.

5. apparatus for disintegrating and cleaning fibrous material, including a pair of drums disposed closely adjacent to each other and having pins on the peripheries thereof for breaking and defiberizing the material, a sup lemental drum having its axis disposed a jacent to the adjoining regions of said pair of drums and with its axis in a plane at right angles to the plane defined by the axes of said pair of drums and having fiber engaging pins on the periphery thereof passing'closely adjacent to the pins of both drums of said pair for removing material from one of said pair of drums and transferring it to the other of said pair, and a casing enclosing all of said drums and disposed adjacent to the paths of movement of said pins, said casing and said drums cooperating to form passageways for said material, a substantial portion of said casing having apertures for the escape of material removed from the fibers. Signed at Stuttgart Germany, this 11th day of September, A. D. 1931.

EMIL GMINDER. 

